Cash flow is the money left after collecting rent and paying every expense — mortgage, taxes, insurance, maintenance, HOA, and vacancy. This calculator shows how much a property actually puts in your pocket each month.
How to use this calculator
- Enter monthly rent and mortgage payment.
- Add monthly property tax, insurance, maintenance, and HOA fees.
- Set a vacancy allowance as a percent of rent.
- Review cash flow and the expense breakdown.
Formula
Monthly cash flow = Rent − (Mortgage + Tax + Insurance + Maintenance + HOA + Vacancy allowance). Vacancy allowance = Rent × Vacancy percent.
Example
At $2,500 rent with $1,650 mortgage, $620 in other monthly costs, and 5% vacancy, monthly cash flow is about $105 — thin margins that leave little room for surprises.
Frequently asked questions
- What vacancy allowance should I use?
- Many investors use 5–10% depending on market turnover. Higher in seasonal or student markets.
- Should maintenance be a fixed amount?
- A monthly reserve (often 5–10% of rent or 1% of property value annually) helps plan for repairs and capital items.