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Foreign Currency Translation (IAS 21)

IAS 21 requires translating foreign operations into functional currency using different rates for monetary items, non-monetary items, and income.

Reading time
7 min read
Difficulty
Advanced
Last updated
Last updated:

Rate selection

Monetary assets and liabilities are translated at the closing rate at each reporting date.

Non-monetary items measured at historical cost use the historical exchange rate.

Income and expense items typically use exchange rates at transaction dates or a weighted average.

Key takeaways

  • Monetary items use closing rate
  • Non-monetary at historical cost use historical rate
  • Translation differences often go to OCI

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FAQ

Does US GAAP differ?
US GAAP has similar remeasurement concepts but presentation and certain scope rules differ — confirm your reporting framework.